In the next 5-10 years: China's rice mechanization may reach over 70%

2016: Anqing City strives to achieve a rice mechanization rate of 55%

From the on-site meeting of rice mechanization planting in Anqing City held on May 30, this year Anqing City plans to complete 2.45 million mu of mechanized planting area of ​​rice, and strive to achieve a mechanization rate of 55%.

In recent years, Anqing City has been vigorously promoting the operation of rice planting. As of 2015, the mechanization rate of rice planting in the city reached 48.3%, and the overall level was low.

This year, Anqing City will continue to vigorously promote mechanization of rice planting and strive to improve the level of mechanization of rice. The demonstration sites of mechanized demonstration counties in rice production will be rewarded, and the construction of rice transplanting demonstration bases will be vigorously carried out. Strengthen the construction of the nursery factory, improve the facilities of the nursery factory, promote standardized breeding, commercial supply and supply, and enhance the ability of factory farming. Strengthen the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, and bring into play the advantages of agricultural machinery and agronomic technology integration. Carry out multi-form training on rice mechanization technology, guide households, serve the fields, and train people. We will develop agricultural machinery social service organizations focusing on agricultural machinery cooperatives, and encourage agricultural machinery cooperatives to carry out full-scale custody of land or main chain custody.

It can be said that the development of the development of rice mechanization planting technology in China is an inevitable requirement of today's social development, which is conducive to reducing rice production costs and improving rice cultivation.

In rice growing areas, artificial or livestock farming still exists in most parts of China. In a region with two or three ripeties a year, almost all human and material resources are imprisoned on the land for a long time, which is not conducive to the liberation of the labor force. In addition, many rural laborers now go to cities to make a living and no longer engage in manual labor. Therefore, there is often a shortage of labor during planting and harvesting, which is even more detrimental to the development of rice. Therefore, with the development of society, it is necessary to urgently change the traditional farming methods.

Many rice farmers have worked hard all year, and the harvested rice can only be used by the family, and there is almost no economic benefit. However, if mechanized planting is used, first of all manpower and planting tools are saved, and the corresponding production costs are also reduced. The liberated labor can be engaged in other industries, which can not only increase farmers' enthusiasm for production, but also increase their income.

In the next 5-10 years: China's rice mechanization may reach over 70%

On the whole, China's rice planting technology tends to lag behind foreign countries, especially some developed countries. The rice planting area in foreign countries is very small, but due to the high level of technology, the production cost per unit area is far lower than that of China. Therefore, the development of mechanization of rice planting plays a vital role in improving the overall technical level of rice in China.

After talking about the development needs, let's talk about some problems in the development of rice planting mechanization.

Problems in mechanization of rice planting

Although it is particularly important to improve the level of mechanization of rice cultivation, there are still many problems that restrict the development of mechanization of rice cultivation. China has a vast territory and complex topography. The characteristics of rice growing areas are also diverse. Some are cooked once a year, some are two to three times a year, and there are many types of rice. This requires a good overall planning, overall arrangement, and practical and feasible countermeasures.

There are two main modes of mechanized planting of rice in the world, namely mechanized transplanting and mechanized live broadcast. The two mechanized planting techniques each have advantages, characteristics and constraints. Mechanized transplanting can partially solve the problem of rice production season and variety growth period. It has good lodging resistance and wide adaptability, but it needs breeding. Mechanized live broadcasts have the characteristics and advantages of high efficiency and easy operation, but are limited in areas where the rice growing season is relatively tight. At present, Europe, the United States, Australia and other countries and regions are mainly mechanized live broadcasts, while Japan and South Korea are mainly mechanized transplanting.

In China's double-season rice region and rice-crop multi-cropping region, due to the tight growing season, under the existing varieties, a certain age is required, and too long ages bring many difficulties to mechanized transplanting. In the double season, the late rice is long, the seedlings are too high, and there are some millet when transplanting. The current mechanical transplanting effect is not good.

China has a wide area of ​​rice cultivation, complex planting systems and many types of varieties. In the current rice production, manual transplanting accounts for 60%, and the others are mainly throwing and broadcasting. Since rice production methods include transplanting, throwing and live broadcasting, organic insertion, machine throwing and machine broadcast are also carried out in the research and demonstration of mechanized planting equipment. From the background of China's throwing development, China's rice throwing is mainly caused by manual labor, density can not be guaranteed, high cost, and there is no ready-made technology and promotion conditions. Although there is a certain application environment for machine throwing, with the development of machine plug-in and machine live broadcast, the application space of machine throwing will gradually become smaller. From the perspective of agronomy, the focus of rice machinery planting development should be machine transplanting and machine broadcast.

In summary, there are many factors that require China to improve the mechanization of rice planting. There are also many problems that restrict the development of rice planting mechanization. However, since China is in the period of socialist development, we have reason to believe that China's rice planting mechanization There will be a lot of room for development and prospects in the future.

Ministry of Agriculture Planning: Production Mechanization reaches 70% within 5-10 years

There are many rice growing areas in China that are especially suitable for the development of large-scale mechanization. For example, the three northeastern provinces in the north are located in the plain area, the land is intact and the mechanization degree can reach more than 80%. In order to improve the level of mechanization of rice planting in China, the Ministry of Agriculture has also made specific plans: strive to achieve a mechanization level of more than 70% in the production areas of rice production areas after 5 to 10 years of efforts, and basically solve the mechanization of planting and harvesting. The problem is that the conditions for the realization of the full mechanization of rice production will lay the foundation for the basic realization of the mechanization of rice production in 2020.

According to the plan, in 2014, the mechanization level of the main production links of rice reached 50%, of which the mechanization level of cultivated land preparation reached 70%, the mechanization level of planting reached 20%, and the mechanization level of harvest reached 55%. By 2015, the mechanization level of rice production will reach 70%, of which the mechanization level of ploughing land will reach 85%, the mechanization level of planting will reach 45%, and the level of harvest mechanization will reach 80%. It is seen from the planning that rice planting mechanization has great development space and potential, and it is also the key and difficult point to realize the mechanization of rice production.