Compared to conventional machines, GE's superconducting technology research has increased efficiency, reduced size, quality and weight;
• Significant impact on energy generation using alternative energy sources.
Paris, France, April 8th: The GE Power Conversion business unit (NYSE: GE) has taken an important step in testing viable power generation methods by using superconductors operating at relatively high temperatures to deliver renewable resources. A lot of electricity.
The company successfully completed the Hydrogenie test, using breakthrough technology to enable generators to generate electricity efficiently in a small space. Hydrogenie replaces the copper rotor bars of the motor with superconductors and can operate at 43 Kelvin or minus 230 °C. The technology was tested in the second half of last year and reached or exceeded the rated full load of 1.7 MW at 214 rpm, fully meeting expectations and design requirements. These tests were conducted at the GE Power Conversion plant in Rugby, England.
Until recently, superconductivity was only about 4K (-269 ° C). However, the new "High Temperature Superconductor (HTS)" is capable of operating at higher temperatures. Compared to previous equipment (such as medical MRI magnets), these machines use a simpler insulation structure that uses less power for cooling.
“The technology is truly groundbreaking,†said Martin Ingles, Hydrogenie project manager at GE Power Conversion. “It can radically increase the efficiency of equipment using water and wind to generate electricity, and it is also suitable for future applications.â€
The latest superconductors are made by placing a layer of ceramic superconducting layer on a relatively inexpensive base metal. When cooled to very low temperatures, they do not produce effective current resistance, so the cross-section of the winding wires can be about the same as conventional copper. 2% of the cross section of the wire winding.
If a superconductor is used, the more winding turns of the electromagnet coil, the greater the electromagnetic power generated, but the smaller the volume or weight. Compared to conventional conductive materials, superconductors have the advantage of high efficiency and can greatly reduce weight. The biggest advantage is the reduction of the size and quality of electrical equipment, suitable for high-torque equipment, most of which are direct-drive equipment used in wind turbines, ship propulsion or riverbed hydropower stations.
GE has overcome the technical challenges of cryogenic cooling and thermal insulation necessary to bring superconductors to the required temperatures. The extremely cold helium is piped into the machine rotor through a rotary coupling and then circulated around a single coil. “This is equivalent to keeping ice cubes on the grill in a high-temperature oven, but our grills use high technology,†Ingles said.
The rotor is in a vacuum, but it still comes into direct contact with the external environment through the rotor shaft, which creates a large temperature difference around the rotor shaft.
Using a patented method, the machine is able to transfer torque from the cold HTS coil to the machine rotor. Low resistance thermal joints and components ensure that the cooling coil requires minimal cooling power. In fact, the machine demonstrates all the technology needed to commercialize HTS machines. As part of the 2006-2010 EU Framework Programme 6 support program, the GE Power Conversion business unit has worked on the development of the Hydrogenie 1.7 MW 214 rpm HTS generator.
The successful completion of the Hydrogenie project will provide a platform for the subsequent research and development of superconducting equipment. One area that may benefit in the future is the upgrading of old hydropower plants. The superconducting generator is connected to the turbine in variable speed operation, and the efficiency is improved by 12% under the condition of partial load.
The technical building blocks developed as part of the project can also be used in other fields where high torque, low speed machines are used, the most direct applications being wind power and ship propulsion.
The use of superconducting wind turbines can greatly reduce the installation quality of the tower and correspondingly reduce the cost of the tower and its foundation. Recent research by GE Power Conversion shows that compared to conventional machines, the energy-saving life of superconducting wind turbines is about 20% of that of offshore or desert wind turbines above 10MW.
On ships, HTS technology combined with DC or variable AC systems can save up to 4% of fuel; at the same time, the technology can also reduce the size of the motor, which is also a place to attract shipbuilders, can be reserved for payload or passengers More space.
The main thrust of the EU's Sixth Framework Programme Support Project "Development and on-site testing of compact HTS hydroelectric generators with a view to reducing investment costs, reducing environmental impact, improving performance and thus reducing the price per kilowatt hour of electricity", other partners of the project: Zenergy Power, KEMA Nederland, Stirling Cryogenics & Refrigeration, Silesian University of Technology, Cobham CTS, E. On Wasserkraft.
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