As the core component of electric vehicles, at present, the performance of the power battery has yet to be improved, and safety, convenience, cost, and charge and discharge rates all need to be improved. At present, China is accelerating research on long-term power lithium batteries based on nanotechnology, and based on this research and development of the next generation of lithium batteries, in order to break the development bottleneck of electric vehicles, the main push for the development of electric vehicles.
Recently, the Sino-German electric vehicle charging project was formally launched, the State Council decided to exempt new energy vehicle purchase tax, lithium battery national patents were intensively approved, and a series of measures around the development of electric vehicles were launched, which once again triggered people's attention to this industry.
From new energy vehicles, mobile phones, computers to large-scale mechanical equipment, many novel equipments in modern society are driven by lithium batteries. However, the lithium battery manufactured by the traditional method has a high cost, a large weight, an energy density provided cannot satisfy the increasing demand, and there is a certain safety risk. These factors hinder the large-scale promotion of the existing electric products. According to a researcher at the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences is researching and developing long-term power lithium battery technology based on nanotechnology to increase the energy density and safety of batteries and reduce costs, providing technical support for the development of the industry.
“From a technical point of view, lithium batteries have higher energy densities than other chemical energy storage systems. I just mentioned a third-generation lithium-ion battery that replaced the (now) negative (material) with a (more) negative electrode. The capacity will be doubled to several times higher than now, and the cathode material can be doubled.This way (using high energy density positive and negative materials) Li-ion battery cells, energy density can be increased to 20% (above) now In terms of safety, (in development) the current (possibly) liquid solvent that is on fire is replaced by a solid (electrolyte material technology, that is, development) all-solid-state (lithium battery). From an economic point of view, the research and development goal is The cost of (power battery) will be reduced (into 2 dollars per watt-hour in 2015, and the technical requirements will be 1.5 blocks per watt-hour by 2020)."
According to experts, the development of third-generation lithium-ion batteries is the focus of China's next five to ten years of battery development and application. At present, hybrid electric vehicles and pure electric vehicles have an electric range of 150 kilometers in the electric mode, and it is expected that the mileage will not be less than 180 kilometers by next year; in 2020, it will exceed 300 kilometers and will be twice that of today. These batteries will be further applied in advanced electronics, smart grid, aerospace, robotics, national security and other fields.
While paying attention to the research and development of third-generation lithium-ion batteries, experts from the Chinese Academy of Sciences have turned their attention to the research and development of next-generation lithium batteries, including all-solid-state lithium batteries, lithium sulfur, and lithium-air battery technology. These technologies will further significantly increase the energy density, so that the battery charging time is shorter, the storage capacity is more, the durability is longer, and the use is safer. Professor Chen Liquan, director of the Clean Energy Center at the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, believes that these technologies will lead China's lithium batteries to the top of the world.
"Lithium batteries we studied very early, but lithium-ion batteries we began to study in 1993, is (after other countries come out, we) follow up with others. Now is to engage our own innovation, the next generation hope we can lead At least, it can keep pace with other countries."
The leap of lithium battery technology will also bring new prospects for the development of the Chinese automotive industry. Four years ago, China Automotive ranked first in the world with more than 18 million units of both production and sales, and became a major automobile country. However, this is still far from the car power. In May this year, Chinese President Xi Jinping emphasized during an inspection by the Shanghai Automotive Industry Group that the development of new energy vehicles is the only way for China to move from a big automobile country to a powerful automobile country. In this regard, Huang Xuejie, a deputy director of the Clean Energy Center of the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that accelerating the development of new energy vehicles, especially lithium-ion battery technology, is expected to make China a powerful automobile country within 20 years.
“The car of the future will no longer be a vehicle. It will be an ibox, a mobile and smart living space. The form of the car and the model of car energy supply will undergo a disruptive change in the next ten or twenty years. At the stage, we feel that we may have an opportunity, because in the past we were chasing after the engine (field). It is very difficult. (And) basically taking the electric and intelligent one, China may be in ten or twenty years. At the time, it became an industrial power in the new-generation auto industry."
It is worth mentioning that as a representative of electric vehicles, Tesla has been favored by high-end people for its unique performance, exquisite appearance and high-end sales model. Huang Xuejie pointed out that in fact, the technology used by Tesla is not a brand-new technology, but it uses Internet thinking to create a new model. At present, China's electric vehicles are still in different stages of exploration.
“Tesla is an innovation in the concept of a car. It mainly uses the Internet's thinking to make a car. Every technology used in it is a mature technology, it can be said to be an old technology. For example, its motor is not With a very good permanent magnet motor, such as a battery, it does not use a power battery, but uses a laptop battery, but it is a vehicle that has matured technology through integrated optimization and finally made an IT model. (Realization) intelligent control The big screen shows that according to the way luxury goods are sold, a pattern has emerged. This is Tesla's model."
According to Chen Liquan, director of the Clean Energy Center at the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the significance of Tesla for the electric vehicle industry lies in the fact that the car is designed according to the size and specifications of the battery rather than the ordinary electric car on the market. The replacement of batteries for vehicle models is an important direction for the future development of electric vehicles.
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