The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Ministry of Finance recently jointly issued the "Guidelines for the Development of New Materials Industry", clearly proposing to vigorously develop the graphene industry. Most market institutions predict that once the production technology and application technology of graphene breaks through, the potential market is huge, which will bring subversive changes to many industries. The relevant market scale is expected to grow rapidly, and it is expected to reach 100 billion by 2020. .
However, some insiders admit that while the graphene industry is developing rapidly, a series of problems such as “misleading†propaganda, “Great Leap Forward†development and a large number of backward production capacity need to be solved.
The market size is expected to break 100 billion
The industry expects that the annual production capacity of graphene will reach 1,000 tons in the next five to ten years. By 2020, the scale of graphene industrialization will make a breakthrough and reach the level of 100 billion.
Graphene is a new carbon-based material with good optical, electrical, thermal and mechanical properties. It has broad application prospects in the fields of electronic information, new materials, new energy, and biomedicine. At present, more than 80 countries around the world have invested in the research and development of graphene materials, and the United States, Britain, Korea, Japan, and Europe have raised graphene research to a strategic level, expecting it to bring great market value. For example, current research generally believes that batteries made of graphene materials have the characteristics of large capacity and fast charging. Once successfully applied, the use time of smartphones and the mileage of new energy vehicles will be greatly increased. A new industrial revolution has been triggered in the industry.
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In recent years, the transformation and industrialization of graphene research and development has developed rapidly. Up to now, a considerable number of R&D projects have been successfully completed and entered the commercial preparation period. For example, products and technologies such as graphene mobile phone batteries , graphene integrated circuits, and efficient graphene production processes that have been charged in only a few seconds have been introduced and are expected to be officially applied in 2020. Therefore, the industry expects that the graphene industry is expected to enter the development period of the blowout, and may have a subversive promotion effect on industries such as electronic information, new materials, new energy, automobiles, and smart phones.
According to public data, the annual global production capacity of graphene has reached 100 tons. The industry expects that the annual production capacity of graphene will reach 1,000 tons in the next five to ten years. By 2020, the scale of graphene industrialization will make a breakthrough and reach the level of 100 billion. Among them, the new energy market will exceed 53.4 billion yuan, the composite materials market will exceed 37.2 billion yuan, and the electronic information industry market will exceed 26.7 billion yuan.
At present, the industry has high hopes for the application of graphene in the field of new energy automotive batteries. According to the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in New York, the battery used in graphene is 10 times faster than the lithium ion battery . In addition, experiments in Spain and South Korea show that after adding graphene, the mileage of new energy vehicles may reach 1000 kilometers, and the charging time only takes a few minutes. The industry believes that although the new energy vehicle battery using graphene as raw material has not been applied on a large scale, it has become an important direction of industrial development. Once this breakthrough is made, the bottleneck of the new energy automobile industry will be broken, the new energy automobile industry is expected to rise rapidly, and new energy vehicles will also be rapidly popularized.
Liu Zhongfan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, believes that in the current research and development of graphene, the graphene industry will have significant achievements in three areas. The first is a graphene material similar to carbon fiber, which will be widely used in high-end equipment manufacturing such as aerospace; the second is a graphene material similar to plastic, which will be widely used in people's daily life, and may even become in the future. A material similar to plastics; the third is a graphene material similar to silicon, which will be widely used in the field of integrated circuits, and is expected to greatly accelerate the development of the integrated circuit industry, and thus promote the re-industry revolution of the entire information industry.
In addition, from the current research in the field of graphene, graphene and its derivatives are widely used in nano drug transportation systems, biological detection, biological imaging, and cancer treatment. Graphene-based biodevices or biosensors can be used for bacterial analysis, DNA and protein detection. For example, the graphene nanopore device developed by the University of Pennsylvania can quickly complete DNA sequencing; graphene quantum dots are used in biological imaging, which has more stable fluorescence, no photobleaching and less light decay than graphite; Although the application research of ene in the field of biomedicine is in its infancy, it is one of the most widely used fields of industrialization.
It is worth noting that although China's graphene industry started relatively late, it has developed rapidly since 2010. At present, it is involved in major research fields, and the overall approach is close to foreign advanced level. Some areas are leading and have mastered independent intellectual property rights. The data shows that as of 2012, the number of graphene papers in China exceeded that of the United States, ranking first in the world; in 2015, global graphene patent data showed that the top ranked is still China, followed by the United States, South Korea, and Japan.
At the same time, China's graphene industrialization process is also accelerating. The graphene industry chain includes upstream raw material graphite, midstream preparation films, powders and slurries, and downstream applications. At present, several companies in China have the annual production capacity of 100 tons of graphene. In terms of application, China's level in the powder field has been close to that of foreign countries. Enterprises in Ningbo, Dongguan, Xiamen and other places have developed applications in the fields of lithium batteries, coatings/inks, and modified plastics.
Industrial development policy environment shaping
China attaches great importance to the development of graphene industry. Under the great attention of the central government, the state has issued a series of policies and measures for the development of graphene industry.
In 2012, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released the “12th Five-Year Plan for New Materialsâ€, which made graphene one of the frontier materials for development. For the first time, it clearly proposed to support the development of new graphene materials. In the national science and technology major projects, especially the 975 Program and the Natural Science Foundation, as well as many scientific research projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, they also provided the necessary financial support for the development of the graphene industry; in 2014, the Ministry of Industry and other three ministries jointly issued key materials. In the implementation plan of upgrading and upgrading, it is proposed that 20 kinds of key new materials will be produced and applied in batches by 2016, and graphene will be listed among them; in 2015, China's proposed 2025 strategy will be in the technical roadmap of key areas. The medium and long-term development route of the graphene industry was also deployed; in November 2015, “Several Opinions on the Development of Graphene Industry†was officially launched, which became the programmatic document for the development of graphene industry in China in the future.
In 2016, the Raw Materials Division of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology held a symposium on the development of graphene industry in Beijing, and analyzed the status quo, hotspots and difficulties of the development of graphene industry. At the same time, it proposed the promotion of graphene industry from 2016 to 2017, and proposed the promotion of industrial development. Suggested measures, and discussed the mission, function, positioning, and operation mode of the proposed graphene innovation center. In June 2016, at the 4th New Materials Expo, China Graphene Industry Development Alliance was established. Many scientific research institutions and industrial companies have said that they will unite all circles to jointly promote the rapid development of China's graphene industry.
In addition to national policy support, local governments have also introduced relevant policies to seize the opportunities for the development of graphene industry. At present, a number of localities have promoted the development of key technologies for graphene and the application of industrialization through the establishment of industrial parks, the establishment of major science and technology projects, the establishment of industrial guidance funds, and the introduction of relevant preferential policies. Up to now, Ningbo, Changzhou, Wuxi, Qingdao, Chongqing and other places have set up industrial parks. In addition, in 2014, China's first graphene industry fund was established with a total investment scale of 2 billion yuan. In 2016, the graphene industry angel investment fund prepared by the China Graphene Industry Technology Innovation Alliance was formally established, with the first phase reaching 120 million yuan.
More importantly, the capital market has also given great enthusiasm to the graphene industry. For example, listed companies such as Gorgeous Family, Del Future, China Baoan, and Zhongtai Chemical have entered the graphene industry in the form of acquisitions or investments in recent years. In the same period, venture capital institutions such as Safford Fund also actively invested in the research and development, testing and industrialization of graphene. According to data from a number of third-party market institutions, there are currently more than 20 venture capital funds dedicated to the graphene industry in China, and more than 100 venture capital activities have been publicized in the past five years.
Researcher Li Dan of the Raw Materials Research Institute of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology believes that the policy support from the central to the local and the enthusiasm of the capital market have created a good development environment for the development of graphene industry in China. From the perspective of policy, in the future China will also introduce a series of specific measures to promote the development of graphene industry, "Several Opinions on the Development of Graphene Industry" will enter the specific implementation stage from the document. He believes that in the future, China needs to establish a national-level graphene research and development institution, establish a number of national-level graphene innovation centers, and establish a special plan for the development of graphene industry and a special fund. At the same time, graphite mines should be identified as strategic mineral resources. On this basis, the application links should be opened up to form an upstream and downstream integrated industrial chain, and accelerate the formulation of correct technical routes, material standards, application standards and other application specifications. A high-tech leading enterprise group that integrates strong mining, selection and smelting, and establishes an industrial base of graphene to further promote the healthy development of the graphene industry.
Hidden worry still needs to be solved
While the graphene industry is developing rapidly, there are also a series of problems such as “misleading†propaganda and “great leap forwardâ€. The industry believes that it is necessary to establish a good industrial development environment through standards and enhance the core competitiveness of the graphene industry.
After years of development, the development of China's graphene industry has begun to take shape. Li Yichun, secretary-general of China Graphene Industry Technology Innovation Strategy Alliance, said that China's graphene production enterprises have grown from more than 300 in 2015 to more than 400 in 2016. In 2016, sales of graphene-related products in China have reached 3 billion. Around the yuan, the development situation is gratifying. However, most people in the industry, including Li Yichun, admit that the development of graphene industry still has a lot of hidden concerns, and it needs to be solved urgently.
Dai Shifeng, director of the China Graphene Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance Standards Committee, said that the graphene industry has exaggerated publicity and false propaganda in the development, which has hindered the development of the industry. "On the one hand, some companies have turned the graphene into a versatile material, which is extremely unfavorable for the development of the graphene industry, because the greater the expectation, the greater the disappointment. On the other hand, individual companies sell graphite as graphene. , bringing great harm to the industry. Therefore, the healthy development of the graphene industry does not require standard guidance and guidance."
Li Dan believes that due to various reasons, there are currently four “misleading†propaganda in the graphene industry, which is not only used by some market speculations, but also greatly hinders the healthy development of the entire industry. Li Dan said that these four kinds of "misleading" are mainly: First, relying on the development of graphene to the development of graphite resources, confusing the scarcity of industrial and the scarcity of resources; second, the graphene The microscopic performance is exaggerated for macroscopic performance, and the application of graphene materials is over-promoted. Thirdly, the prospect of using graphene as a substitute material for semiconductors is too optimistic. According to the current level of industrial development, graphene materials should replace existing ones on a large scale. Semiconductor materials still need at least two or three decades; fourth, the concept of confusing graphite powder with graphene, which makes the so-called graphene enterprises in the market with a large number of fish-eyes, which do not have the ability to develop and apply graphene. However, using information asymmetry, there has been a wave of speculation in the market.
Liu Zhongfan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that under the help of market speculation in the past few years, various regions have launched the graphene project, but most of them are low-end graphene projects without core technology, which has caused the appearance of graphene industry. The development trend of the Great Leap Forward and the Great Steelmaking. In fact, under the influence of this industry trend, as an emerging industry, the graphene industry has experienced a lot of backward production capacity.
Dai Shifeng believes that to solve the current graphene industry problems, it is necessary to improve the core competitiveness of the graphene industry. First, we must create a good industrial development environment through standards; secondly, promote typical applications, and at the same time, increase industrial concentration and promote Industry deep integration.
According to China's Graphene Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance, in the 2017 work of the Alliance, it plans to conduct global patent analysis and analysis of graphene technology, and understand the patent application protection strategies of multinational companies in developed countries such as the United States, Japan and South Korea. The development of the technical route, writing the 2017 graphene patent technology analysis report, on the basis of which the patent analysis and early warning work of graphene technology will be carried out to provide guidance for graphene enterprises to develop research and development strategies and layout patents, so as to enhance the core competition of the industry. force.
In addition, the alliance will also focus on "four platforms, one base", that is, to build an industrial development service platform, investment and financing service platform, "One Belt and One Road" international cooperation platform, business cooperation platform and industrial application demonstration base to promote the application of graphene industry. Development, in order to promote the formation of industrial capacity and international competitiveness in the entire graphene field.
Miao Zhimin, deputy director of the raw materials department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, to promote the development of the graphene industry, it is still necessary to develop from the application and then formulate some new policies, including insurance mechanisms and fiscal and taxation mechanisms. The second is to focus on promoting system construction, including standards, statistics, innovation, monitoring, and collaborative systems. He revealed that the relevant details and details of these policies and systems are currently under study.
Miao Zhimin also reminded the industry to focus on the following points: First, technology and equipment, how to form their own technology and equipment, this is an important direction; followed by application, graphene application has made great progress, but in the high-end field It is also necessary to increase efforts; the third is testing and standards; the fourth is the construction of national innovation manufacturing centers, which is the work for future layout. Miao Zhimin hopes that the industry will work together to form a national graphene manufacturing innovation center as soon as possible, and then form its own technical equipment and standards under the platform to develop high-end applications and lead the development of China's graphene industry.
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