The nutritive characteristics of tomato growth, nitrogen makes tomato vegetative growth, is conducive to flower bud differentiation, development and fruit hypertrophy. Tomatoes like to absorb nitrate nitrogen fertilizer. If too much ammonium nitrogen is applied, it will seriously affect fertility. According to the experiment, when the fertility index of full-applied nitrate nitrogen was taken as 100, the fertility index of tomato dropped to 87% when 50% ammonium nitrogen was applied, and if the ammonium nitrogen was completely applied, the fertility index was only 18%. When ammonium nitrogen was used as the nutrient, the amount of amino acids accumulated in the leaves was higher than that when nitrate nitrogen was used as nutrient, but the lack of water could easily cause the young leaves to curl. With the application of nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, the organic acid content in tomato plants increased rapidly, and the amount of mineral cations also increased. Inappropriate or excessive nitrogen fertilization can easily lead to plant growth and flowering.
Phosphorus can promote the growth of tomato roots, has obvious effects on flower bud differentiation and development, and can accelerate flowering and results, and increase yield and quality. In the absence of phosphorus, growth is inhibited, fruit ripening is delayed, sugar content is reduced, and yield is also affected. When there is severe phosphorus deficiency, the back of the leaves is purple, the roots are underdeveloped, and there is a phenomenon of falling flowers. Planting tomatoes on soil rich in phosphorus showed early maturing. The plants that bloomed earlier than the control and nitrogen fertilizer only bloomed early.
Potassium can improve tomato disease resistance, promote the operation of organic matter, and evenly color the fruit. At the same time, it can also reduce the number of fallen flowers. The amount of potassium required during the result period increased. Different potash fertilizers have an effect on fruit quality.
Adding the appropriate amount of sodium chloride in potassium chloride can usually increase the sugar content in the fruit.
The tomato has a high calcium content, the content of calcium in the leaves is 6.02%, the stem calcium content is 27.8%, and the root is 5.16%; calcium is difficult to move in the plants and must be supplied frequently. Deficiency of calcium can cause disease (umbilical rot, etc.) and physiological resistance.
In order to allow the tomato roots to grow normally and prevent browning of the fruits and increase the yield and sugar content, it is very effective to apply a small amount of boron fertilizer at the time of sowing. According to the analysis, the sugar content of the Boron fruit can be increased from 1.95% of the control to 2.17% (fresh weight).
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