Effects of Different Rice Coverage on Soil Temperature and Moisture
Straw cover can provide sufficient soil nutrients and organic matter to the soil, providing comprehensive soil productivity. In many agricultural areas in China, rice straw has become an effective way to increase soil nutrients. This article mainly studies the changes of soil moisture and temperature in Taoyuan County for your reference. Throughout the study, soil moisture and soil temperature measurements were consistently performed. The Topsport's portable soil moisture temperature measuring instrument or soil moisture temperature measuring instrument is the first choice. The soil moisture temperature measuring instrument can simultaneously measure the soil moisture and soil temperature. Two parameters are recorded at the same time, which greatly improves the accuracy of the research object. . The soil moisture analyzer is also a commonly used instrument for soil testing, but the instrument has a relatively single function. Compared to the previous two instruments, the soil moisture analyzer can only measure one parameter of soil moisture. In practice, we need to consider various factors and make comprehensive choices.
The weather with seasonal drought characteristics in Taoyuan County mainly occurred from May to September. The main changes were higher temperatures and less rainfall. Daily rainfall from 0 to 2.5 mm accounted for 83.59%, with the increase in rainfall levels. The number of days of rainfall is basically reduced, until the maximum rainfall >27.5mm accounts for 2.95%; and the daily average temperature is mainly 25.0~32.5 °C. In addition, in July, the representative month, the main rainfall is 0~2.5 cm (accounting for 98.99%), and the temperature is higher than 30 °C (84.38 %). %. Straw cover can effectively regulate the temperature change of the tillage layer (0~20 cm) in dry land soil, and significantly reduce the temperature level of soil layers above 5 cm and 10 cm in the high temperature period (15 pm), and the average cooling effect reaches 2.7-4.1°C. The difference between the amount of coverage is mainly in the 5cm and 10cm levels, and the temperature of other soil layers has not been significantly affected; the effect of reducing soil temperature by covering 15000 kg/hm2 in the high temperature period is the most obvious. Through the straw cover, reducing the temperature of the soil of white peony during high temperature and dry period will have positive significance for reducing soil moisture evapotranspiration and alleviating soil and crop drought. The regulation effect of rice straw on soil moisture dynamics is mainly reflected in the 0-5 cm topsoil layer. When the straw coverage is 5000-10000 kg/hm2, the minimum water content of the surface soil in high temperature and dry period can be increased by 3.3%~3.6% on average. When the amount of rice straw is increased to 15000 kg/hm2, the minimum moisture content in the surface soil can increase by an average of 6.1%. The regulation mechanism of straw cover on soil moisture is mainly to reduce the effect of solar radiation on surface soil temperature and reduce soil moisture evaporation potential. Straw cover can regulate the soil moisture dynamics in 0-20 cm soil layer, increase the soil moisture content in the dry period, and reduce the range of water changes. It has less effect on the soil moisture change below 20 cm. In the early growth stage of maize, coverage has a significant effect on increasing the rate of photoconformatization of summer corn, with the most obvious coverage of 15000 kg/hm2, and the post-corn canopy has relatively reduced coverage, and small rainfall processes occur frequently. The difference is not obvious. Straw mulching regulates soil temperature and moisture dynamics, and it is very effective in relieving high temperature and drought stress in the early growth stage of maize and increasing the photosynthesis rate of the leaves. Through the solar radiation parameters, the cumulative temperature of the atmosphere, the average wind speed of >2m/s, and other meteorological factors, combined with the plant height and crop water requirement, the change of soil moisture content can be predicted. This kind of prediction is feasible. The annual average production of straw in the double cropping paddy field in the hilly area of ​​red soil in China can reach 15000 kg/hm2. After deducting the roots and returning the land directly, the remaining straw resources can be transferred and distributed to the dryland farming system, exerting their fertilizing soil and improving crop drought resistance. Coercive double effect. As far as the cooling and water retention effect of the coverage is concerned, the application of 15000 kg/hm2 rice straw in the red soil can achieve better results.
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