On February 12, a pure electric vehicle entered the Jinhua Dongguan electric vehicle charging and changing station to prepare for battery replacement. The charging station is currently the largest and most fully-equipped electric vehicle charging station in Zhejiang Province. It can simultaneously charge 10 different types of electric vehicles.
Air pollution, car exhaust blame. To cut off the "black tail", the promotion of new energy vehicles is undoubtedly an important way out. Despite state subsidies and other policy support, the promotion of new energy vehicles is not smooth. In 2013, sales of new energy vehicles in China were only 17,000.
Recently, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the National Development and Reform Commission jointly issued notices to adjust and issue subsidies for passenger cars, plug-in hybrid passenger cars, electric vehicles, and fuel cell vehicles. The second list of cities for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles. New energy vehicles, look forward to hurry.
Policy escort: Can it be "widespread"?
Three years ago, Haikou City, Hainan Province, was granted a pilot city for demonstration and promotion of national energy-saving and new energy vehicles. In the past three years, 1052 new energy vehicles have been put into operation. The practice shows that after the promotion of new energy vehicles, the emission of exhaust gas has been significantly reduced, and the cleaning effect has been remarkable.
Environmental protection is a “sause†for new energy vehicles. Insiders pointed out that the new energy vehicles use unconventional vehicle fuel as a source of power, including hybrid vehicles, pure electric vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicles. The "Energy-saving and New-Energy Automotive Industry Development Plan" announced in July 2012 proposes that in 2015, the cumulative production and sales of pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles will reach 500,000 units. By 2020, the cumulative production and sales will exceed 5 million.
However, the reality is very "craggy" - China's encouragement to promote new energy vehicles began in 2009, its landmark event was launched in early 2009 a project called "Ten Thousand Cities": through the provision of financial subsidies, plans to use about 3 years At the time of each year, 10 cities will be developed. Each city will launch 1,000 new energy vehicles to carry out demonstration operations. Since then, subsidies such as financial subsidies for private purchases of new energy vehicles have been introduced, but these projects have not been effective.
Statistics from the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers show that in 2013 China sold 17,642 new energy vehicles, of which 14,604 were pure electric vehicles and 3038 were plug-in hybrids. According to the analysis, the overall sales of new energy vehicles are currently not optimistic.
According to the analysis, the domestic infrastructure for the promotion and development of new energy vehicles has not kept pace, the number of mature and mature new energy automobile products is too small, the safety standards and charging standards for pure electric vehicles are not uniform, and the public lacks trust in pure electric vehicles and the policies are not enough to stimulate them. Factors such as local separatism have hindered the promotion of new energy vehicles.
Market development: "stumbling block" oncoming <br> <br> Mr. Wang Beijing residents, while back just to spend more than 10 million purchase of traditional fuel vehicles a displacement of 1.6L. "I also considered a new energy vehicle, but now it seems that the technology is not very mature, charging is also very inconvenient." He said.
There are not a few people who share the same views. In an interview, the reporter found that when asked whether some car buyers want to buy a new energy car, many people said that they do not know much about the performance, quality, and after-sales service of new energy vehicles.
In response, Dong Yang, Secretary General of the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, pointed out: "The current technology of new energy vehicles is not mature enough, and the industrial development is not sufficient. The product performance price ratio is not enough to compete with traditional energy vehicles, and infrastructure such as charging is also urgently needed."
"The slow development of new energy vehicles has a great relationship with the need for charging and weak battery life." A person in the auto industry pointed out that the current pure power new energy vehicles have an endurance capacity of about one to two hundred kilometers because of the high speed, It is difficult to find a suitable power source on the national road. It is unrealistic to rely on it to run long distances. Therefore, pure electric vehicles are basically "concept cars."
“At present, there are roughly three types of business models for electric vehicles in the world: vehicle sales model, vehicle rental model, and bare car sales, battery leasing, and exchange models.†said Shen Hongwen, a research fellow in the new energy industry at China Investment Advisors. At present, these three models are applied in the domestic model cities, and there are no clear answers.
In fact, it is also because it is difficult to change people's consumption habits for new energy vehicles in a short period of time. In the process of promoting new energy vehicles, the country also placed its hopes more on buses, taxis, and special vehicles.
Shen Hongwen believes that the promotion list and the subsidy amount adjustment are only the first steps. Then there are many substantive tasks that need to be implemented. Detailed subsidy policies, the construction of charging devices, and the management of car brands are all crucial.
"For new energy vehicles, it is still important to nurture the market. A variety of policy combinations can be used to promote the application of new energy vehicles. While subsidizing and reducing taxes, it may consider giving preferential loans to new energy vehicles, highway toll concessions, and There will be greater opportunities for acquiring city license plates, said Zhao Ying, director of the Industrial Development Office of the Institute of Industry and Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
Local protection: "ice" need to break <br> <br> Shenzhen, is one of four national ministries identified the first batch of energy-saving and new energy vehicle demonstration and promotion of the private purchase of new energy vehicles to subsidize two-pilot cities, the central finance car The subsidy shall be subsidized at the highest rate of 1:1, and the pure electric vehicles shall be exempted from the use of taxi licences. However, the Shenzhen Audit Bureau survey showed that Shenzhen New Energy Vehicles has promoted the public transportation field, but the promotion of official vehicles and private cars has been slow. As of the end of 2013, some new energy vehicles had been released but were not delivered.
According to the Shenzhen Audit Bureau report, the promotion and promotion of new energy vehicles in Shenzhen is currently led by the government while supporting the development of local automobile manufacturing companies and related industries. According to the survey, the bus companies purchase new energy vehicles to implement plans issued by the government, and lack the right to independently choose manufacturers and purchase prices. At the same time, new energy vehicles also lack market competition mechanisms in the promotion of public transportation.
After the Ministry of Finance and other four ministries and commissions introduced a new round of subsidy policies for new energy vehicles, the local version of supporting measures will be gradually introduced. However, while the country vigorously promotes new energy vehicles, there has been a phenomenon of excessive local protection - Beijing's electric vehicles are hard to break into the southern market, and new energy vehicles in the south have been nowhere to go. And Chongqing, Henan, and other places are all distributing local subsidies to local companies.
“Local barriers exist objectively in the development of the new energy auto industry. Subsidies for new energy vehicles in foreign countries are also facing this problem.†Zhao Ying said: Compulsory unification of local financial subsidies is not conducive to local development of new energy vehicles, and the key to breakthroughs It is to change the subsidy method, that is, financial subsidies flow from the enterprise to the consumers who ultimately purchase new energy vehicles. He believes that the current financial subsidies should also focus on demonstrative role, and then gradually promote them everywhere.
“Currently, Shenzhen, Hefei, Hangzhou and other places have become the vanguards of new energy vehicle demonstration and promotion in terms of infrastructure construction, business model innovation, policy innovation, etc. For example, Shenzhen has explored a business model such as financial leasing, and Hangzhou has developed a whole Vehicle rental, battery rental and other models.†Shen Ruigang, head of the Department of Economic Development of the Ministry of Finance, told reporters that it should be noted that China’s energy-saving and new energy vehicles still have a certain gap between their vehicles and key components and the world’s advanced level. In the next step, the promotion system for private new energy passenger vehicles will be accelerated, and various fee reductions and preferential tax policies will be implemented as soon as possible. Accelerate the construction of charging infrastructure, cancel various restrictions on foreign brands, and strive to achieve substantial breakthroughs.
Links to other stones
Germany: Free car charging stations land <br> <br> Berlin city government announced that it will provide free land for the establishment of at least 550 charging stations in bustling urban areas and major car manufacturer's 1000 electric The car is fully tested.
US: Electric Vehicle parking fees waived <br> <br> in subsidies over the economy, state governments on driving new energy car owners driving and also provide convenient parking areas, such as electric vehicles waive parking fees, free Bridge fees and so on.
Italy: purchase of environmentally friendly vehicles will receive subsidies <br> <br> according to the Italian government's plan to support the automotive industry, where the purchase of environmentally friendly new type of passenger cars consumers will receive 1500 euros to 4000 euros subsidy.
South Korea: tax breaks to mobilize the enthusiasm to buy South Korean Ministry of Finance Planning <br> <br> decision from July 2009 until the end of 2012 to implement tax breaks for hybrid cars, consumers to buy hybrid cars, will enjoy a personal consumption tax, registration Taxes, education taxes and other tax breaks.
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